Dendrobium lasianthera J.J. Sm 1932

Dendrobium lasianthera

Synonyms: Durabaculum lasiantherum (J.J.Sm.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 2002; Dendrobium ostrinoglossum Rupp. 1953; Dendrobium stueberi Hort., Stuber ex Zurrow 1934.
Section: Spatulata

Found in Papua and Papua New Guinea.

One of the most popular species of dendrobium, showy flowers up to 7 cm broad, featuring colorful pretty flowers that blend of several colors such as purple, violet red, scarlet, red orange, yellow and white.

Bulbophyllum macranthum Lindley 1844

Bulbophyllum macranthum

Section: Stenochilus

Synonyms: Bulbophyllum cochinchinense Gagn. 1950; Bulbophyllum purpureum Náves in F.M.Blanco 1880; Carparomorchis macrantha (Lindl.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones 2002; Phyllorchis macrantha (Lindl.) Kuntze; *Sarcopodium macranthum Lindley 1850-1.

Found in almost all over Southeast Asia to Papua New Guinea in mossy forest. Living at elevation from sea level to 1500 meters as a tree circular climbing epiphyte. And I found it in Borneo, in the lowland mossy forests at elevation 14 to 18 meters.

In its natural habitat, if it is not flowering, it is very difficult to distinguish from the B. lyriforme. Moreover these two species often living in the same habitat.

The plant is very similiar with B. lyriforme and sometimes also similiar with B. patens, except at the tip of the leaf of B. patens is more more obtuse than B. macranthum.

Has hairy rhizome with well spaced, ovate-elliptic psedobulbs, carrying a single, dark green, oblong, and slightly tapered at the ends.

Flower: 5,5 cm long and 4 cm broad, single, strong fragrant, sometimes in not open widely and very often in upside-down position such as picture above, looks like it has a white base color with some dark red to purple spots.

Known by local people in Central Kalimantan as the "Gaharu" Orchid (gaharu means agarwood). Refers to its fragrance that somehow they said has aromatic resin like agarwood.

Indonesia:

Ditemukan hampir di seluruh Asia Tenggara hingga Papua New Guinea di hutan berlumut. Hidup pada daerah berketinggian 0 - 1500 meter diatas permukaan laut sebagai epipit merambat secara spiral pada batang pohon. Dan saya menemukannya di Kalimantan di hutan berlumut dataran rendah, pada ketinggian 14 hingga 18 meter dari permukaan laut.

Di habitat alamnya, jika tidak sedang berbunga sangat sulit dibedakan dengan B. lyriforme, apalagi kedua spesies ini sering hidup berdampingan di alamnya.

Tanamannya sangat mirip dengan B. lyriforme dan kadang-kadang juga mirip dengan fisik tanaman dari B. patens, kecuali pada ujung daun B. patens lebih tumpul dari B. macranthum.

Memiliki umbi akar yang berambut dengan jarak yang tidak berdekatan, umbi semunya berbentuk lonjong bulat telur, terdapat satu daun tunggal berwarna hijau tua, membentang lurus, dan agak runcing pada ujungnya.

Bunga: panjang 5,5 cm dan lebar 4 cm, bertipe bunga tunggal, harum sekali, dan terkadang tidak mekar secara sempurna bahkan seringnya bunga dalam keadaan posisi terbalik seperti dalam gambar diatas. Sepertinya memiliki warna dasar putih dengan bercak merah gelap hingga merah keungguan.

Dikenal oleh masyarakat di Kalimantan Tengah sebagai "Anggrek Gaharu", mengacu pada bau harumnya yang entah kenapa dibilang memiliki wangi damar sepeti kayu gaharu.

Bulbophyllum macranthum ( plant in situ )

Bulbophyllum anceps Rolfe 1892

Section: Sestochilus

Found in Borneo, attached to the tree trunks as miniature size.

Hairy rhizome, flat and round to oval shapes pseudobulbs. Because the flat shapes of its pseudobulbs, sometimes seen as overlapping like scales.

Flower: lateral sepals L=1,2cm & W=4mm; dorsal sepal L=8mm & W=6mm; petals L=6mm & W=3mm. 10cm flower stalk.

Indonesia:

Ditemukan di Kalimantan, hidup menempel pada batang pohon sebagai spesies dengan bunga berukuran kecil.

Umbi akar seperti berambut, dengan umbi semu berbentuk pipih bulat atau lonjong. Karena bentuk pipih umbi semunya, kadang-kadang kelihatan seperti menumpuk layaknya sisik.

Bunga: mahkota lateris P=1,2 & L=4mm; mahkota dorselis P=8mm & L=6mm, kelopak P=6mm & L=3mm. Panjang tangkai bunga lebih dari 10cm.

Bulbophyllum anceps ( plant )

Bromheadia finlaysoniana (Lindl.) Miq. 1859

Bromheadia finlaysoniana

Section: Bromheadia
Synonyms: Bromheadia palustris Lindl. 1841; Bromheadia sylvestris Ridl. 1891; Coelogyne caulescens Griff. 1851; *Grammatophyllum finlaysonianum Lindl. 1833
Found in nearly all Southeast Asia in lowland and lower montane forests at elevation 50 to 1500 meters as terrestrial orchid.
Flower: rarely branching, large and wide open flowers, short-live, white with yellow on the lip, inside side lobe is white veined with purple.

Indonesia:
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Aerides thibautiana Rchb.f. 1866

Aerides thibautiana

Found in Java and Sulawesi
Synonyms: Aerides huttonii (Hook.f.) H.J.Veitch 1891; Aerides reversa J.J.Sm. 1912; Saccolabium huttonii Hook.f. 1867

Acriopsis densiflora Lindl. 1847

Synonyms: Acriopsis borneensis Ridl. 1905; Acriopsis purpurea Ridl. 1893.

Can be found in Borneo and Sumatra, attached to tree trunks.

One characteristic of this species is, the shape of its leaves are short and wide, unlike most other Acriopsis species that tend to elongate.

Flower: 1,4cm broad, yellow with purplish brown spots.

In my place known as "Onion Orchids". Perhaps because their pseudobulbs looks like onions.

Bahasa Indonesia:

Bisa ditemukan di pulau Kalimantan dan Sumatra, menempel pada batang pohon.
Salah satu ciri spesies ini adalah, bentuk daunnya yang pendek dan lebar, tidak seperti kebanyakan spesies Acriopsis lainnya yang cenderung memanjang.

Lingkar bunga 1,4cm, dengan warna dasar kuning dengan bintik-bintik coklat keunguan.

Ditempatku dikenal juga sebagai "Anggrek Bawang". Mungkin ini dikarenakan bentuk umbi semunya yang mirip dengan bawang.

Acriopsis densiflora in situ

Calanthe R. Brown 1821

CALANTHE

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Arethuseae, SUBTRIBE Bletiinae.

Generally live on the mossy humus soil or limestone in humid environment under the shade of tree.

Long-Lasting flowers, reached more than 3 months.

List of some species:

Calanthe angustifolia

Calanthe ceciliae

Calanthe cremeoviridis

Calanthe densiflora

Calanthe furcata

Calanthe hyacinthina

Calanthe pulchra

Calanthe speciosa

Calanthe transiens

Calanthe triplicata

Calanthe flava

Bromheadia Lindley 1841

BROMHEADIA 

 

Scientific Classification:
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Cymbidieae
Subtribe: Cyrtopodiinae
Alliance: Bromheadia
Genus: Bromheadia

Is a terrestrial orchids species, spread throughout Southeast Asia and Australia. Short-lived flowers.

 

List of some species:

Bromheadia aporoides
Bromheadia brevifolia
Bromheadia cecieliae
Bromheadia devogelii
Bromheadia ensifolia
Bromheadia finlaysoniana
Bromheadia gracilis
Bromheadia grandiflora
Bromheadia pulchra
Bromheadia scirpoidea
Bromheadia truncata

Acriopsis Blume 1825

ACRIOPSIS

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Cymbidieae, SUBTRIBE Acriopsidinae.

It's pseudobulbs are similar to Bulbophyllum Genus, but has 2-4 leaves. Living attached to trees, easily recognized by their bushes white roots. Having many small flowers on their floral bracts.

Is one of the most common orchid in the forests of Borneo and seem to be able to survive in a state exposed to direct sunlight.

List of some species:
Acriopsis carrii
Acriopsis indica
Acriopsis densiflora
Acriopsis liliifolia
Acriopsis ridleyi

Bulbophyllum Thouars 1822

BULBOPHYLLUM

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Podochileae, SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

Is the largest and most diverse genus in the orchid world, contains more than 1500 species.Spread almost in a ll parts of the world.

Believed there are still many new species yet to be discovered or rename.

List of some species:

Bulbophyllum Anceps

Bulbophyllum Antenniferum

Bulbophyllum Auriculatum

Bulbophyllum Becarii

Bulbophyllum Biflorum

Bulbophyllum Biflorum sp. Borneo

Bulbophyllum Carunculatum

Bulbophyllum Cruentum

Bulbophyllum Encinolabium

Bulbophyllum Fletcherianum

Bulbophyllum Lobii

Bulbophyllum Macranthum

Bulbophyllum Macrochilum

Bulbophyllum Medusae

Bulbophyllum Membranaceum

Bulbophyllum Oobulbum

Bulbophyllum Restrepia

Bulbophyllum Patens

Bulbophyllum Phalaenopsis

Bulbophyllum Purpurescens

Bulbophyllum Putidum

Bulbophyllum Reticulatum

Bulbophyllum Singaporeanum

Bulbophyllum Striatellum

Bulbophyllum Vagiantum

Bulbophyllum Virescens

Aerides Lour. 1790

AERIDES

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Aeridinae.

They are similar to Vanda in plant form yet their flowers have a forward facing spur

List of some species:
Aerides inflexa
Aerides thibautiana

Ascocentrum Schlecter ex J.J. Smith 1914

ASCOCENTRUM

Scientific classification:
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Vandeae
Subtribe: Aeridinae
Genus: Ascocentrum

Physically similiar to the Vanda Genus but have a smaller plant and flower. Dense flowers, and usually yellow to reddish orange. They have a short, simple to bifurcate stem (max. 15-18 cm) with an upright, compact, conical to racemose inflorescence, consisting of smaller brightly colored flowers. These flowers have a prominent spur and a strap-like lip. Their bright colors vary between yellow, orange, red, orchid or cerise.

List of some species:
Ascocentrum Miniatum
Ascocentrum Aurantiacum
Ascocentrum Aereum

Vanda Jones 1820

VANDA

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Aeridinae.


This species generally enjoying the sunshine, some species can survive in conditions of full sunlight without shade.
Long-lasting flowers like the Phalaenopsis Genus, also large, varied colors and pattern. And some species is fragrance.
One of the favorite orchids for many orchid lovers.


List of some species:
Vanda Arcuata
Vanda Dearii
Vanda Tricolor Var Suavis

Phalaenopsis Blume 1825

PHALAENOPSIS

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Aeridinae.

Spread throughout southeast Asia, and several islands in the Pacific and Australian.
One of the most common cultivated orchid.
Having a beautiful flower, generally large in size, with a variety of colors and pattern. Long-lasting flowers, can reach more than two months. Maybe that is why in Indonesia is also known as "Anggrek Bulan" (bulan = month)

List of some species:
Phalaenopsis Amabilis
Phalaenopsis Amboinensis
Phalaenopsis Belina
Phalaenopsis Cornu-Cervi
Phalaenopsis Fuscata
Phalaenopsis Gigantea
Phalaenopsis Modesta
Phalaenopsis Violacea
Phalaenopsis Zebrina

Paraphalaenopsis A.D.Hawkes 1964

PARAPHALAENOPSIS

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Vandeae, SUBTRIBE Aeridinae.

It's endemic of Borneo, there are only four species in this genus. 

Segregate from Phalaenopsis Genus because it has a closer relationship to the Vanda Genus despite having characteristics such as Phalaenopsis Genus. 

Easier to cross-intergenera with the Vanda and Renathera Genus than with Phalaenopsis Genus

Has cylinder-shaped leaves with pointy ends.

List of several species:

Paraphalaenopsis Denevei

Paraphalaenopsis Labukensis

Paraphalaenopsis Laycockii

Paraphalaenopsis Serpentilingua

Grammatophyllum Blume 1825

GRAMMATOPHYLLUM

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Cymbidieae, SUBTRIBE Cyrtopodiinae.

Found throughout southeast asia.

This species is part of the largest types of orchids, the plants and flowers have a large size.

The shape may look like a giant species of dendrobium, have sympodial type and segmented pseudobulbs. 

Basicly is divided into two, on the first type has elongated pseudobulbs that can grow to reach more than 2 meters long. The second form of pseudobulbs with short sections with up to 30 cm long.

Because of the elongated pseudobulbs, some Indonesian people says it is similar to sugarcane. So it is often also called "Sugarcane Orchid" 

And by some local residents kalimantan called it "Tewu Tadung". Tewu means sugarcane and Tadung means Snake Cobra (reffer to the segment that snake cobra scales like)

The flower stems emerge from the bottom segment of pseudobulbs, but in some cases, it can emerge in the middle or end of the pseudobulbs. Can reach up to 10 cm broad. Bunganya memiliki blotches pattern.

Other names for this orchid is called "Tiger Orchid" because it's flower pattern.

List of several species:Grammatophyllum Rumpianum
Grammatophyllum Scriptum 

Grammatophyllum Scriptum ( var Citrinum) 

Grammatophyllum Speciosum 

Grammatophyllum Stapeliiflorum

Paphiopedilum Pfitz. 1886

PAPHIOPEDILUM

SUBFAMILY Cypripedioideae.

Paphio = Paphia ( another name for Aphrodite / the goddess of beauty )

Paphiopedilum is one of the unique genus, there are peculiarities in the form of flowers that looked like a shoe, so it is often also called "Venus Shoe Orchids".

Form of the flower also briefly like Nepenthes plants, on the lip part shaped like a pouch and the dorsal sepals shaped like a cup lid, like on some species of Nepenthes. The petals part extends to both side and sometimes with a wrinkle or twist forms, and have hairs. And the center part more look like a shield, called staminode.

In Indonesia, also known as "Nepenthes Orchids".

Indonesia:

Paphio = Paphia (nama lain dari Aphrodite / dewi kecantikan )

Paphiopedilum adalah salah satu Genus unik dalam dunia anggrek, ini karena bentuk unik bunganya yang terlihat seperti sepatu, maka anggrek ini sering disebut juga "Anggrek Sepatu Venus".

Bentuk bunganya juga mirip sekali dengan tanaman Kantong Semar, pada bagian lidah bunga berbentuk seperti kantong dan sepal belakang berbentuk seperti tutup cangkir layaknya seperti pada tanaman kantong semar. Bagian Petal-petalnya memanjang ke samping dan terkadang mengkerut atau melintir, dan memiliki beberapa rambut. Bagian tengahnya lebih mirip bentuk perisai dan dinamakan staminode.

Di Indonesia dikenal juga sebagai "Anggrek Kantong Semar".

List of several species:Paphiopedilum Chamberlainianum
Paphiopedilum Glaucophyllum
Paphiopedilum Hookeriana
Paphiopedilum Lowii
Paphiopedilum Praestans
Paphiopedilum Supardii
Paphiopedilum Tortipetalum

Eria Lindley 1825

ERIA

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Podochileae, SUBTRIBE Eriinae.

More than 300 species have been found ranging from Asia to the islands in the Pacific at elevation seashore up to 2000 meter.

List of several species: 

Eria atrorubens

Eria bractescens
Eria citrina
Eria javanica
Eria leiophylla
Eria mucronata
Eria multiflora
Eria ornata
Eria pannea
Eria pulchella

Bulbophyllum Lobii Lindley 1847

Bulbophyllum Lobii ( Java )

Section: Sesthochilos

Synonym: Bulbophyllum Lobii Lindley var siamense Rchb.f; Phyllorchis lobii (Lindl.) Kuntze; Sarcopodium lobii Lindley; Sestochilos uniflorum Brenda

Found in Borneo, Sumatra, Java and some island in Indonesia, also found in Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand.

Flower: Single flower up to 9 cm broad that rise on pseudobulb held at middle leaf.

In Indonesia, known as "Tiger Nails Orchid" because when yet to blooming, the flower resemble the form of tiger nails.

Indonesia:

Ditemukan di Kalimantan, Sumatra, Jawa dan beberapa pulau di Indonesia, juga di Malaysia, Filipina, dan Thailand.

Memiliki bunga tunggal mencapai lebar bunga 9 cm, muncul dari pseudobulps berusia remaja.

Di Indonesia dikenal juga sebagai "Anggrek Kuku Macan" karena ketika bunganya belum mekar, bentuknya seperti bentuk kuku macan.

Bulbophyllum Lobii ( Borneo )

Bulbophyllum Lobii ( Sumatra )

Cybidium Ensifolium [L]Swartz

Cymbidium Ensifolium

Section: Jensoa
Synonyms: Cybidium Sundaicum schltr.; Cymbidium gonzalesii Quisumbing; Epidendrum ensifolium L.
Flower: erect 30 cm long, 5 cm broad with 3 - 8 flowers.
Found in Japan, China, South East Asia and New Guinea as a lithophyte at elevation 400 to 1500 meters.
I got it from local people around Mount Tangkuban Perahu in West Java.

Indonesia:
Tangkai bunga berdiri sepanjang 30 cm, dengan jumlah bunga 3-8 kuntum dengan lebar bunga 5 cm.
Ditemukan juga di Jepang, Cina, Asia Tenggara dan Papua New Guinea sebagai jenis yang hidup di bebatuan pada ketinggian 400 - 1500 meter diatas permukaan laut.
Aku memperolehnya dari penduduk setempat Gunung Tangkuban Perahu di Jawa Barat.

Cymbidium Swartz 1799

CYMBIDIUM

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Cymbidieae Pfitz. SUBTRIBE Cymbidiinae Benth.

More than 40 species have been found ranging from Asia to the islands in the Pasific.
Dived in several groups that live in environments with cold, moderate and warm temperature.

List of several Species:
Cymbidium Ensifolium
Cymbidium Finlaysonianum
Cymbidium Lancifolium

Coelogyne Lindley 1821

COELOGYNE

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Coelogyneae, SUBTRIBE Coelogyninae.

Found in nearly all Asia regions and some islands in the Pacific.

Have various form of pseudobulbs, cylindrical to narrowly pyriform, tube-shaped spike, flat oval and round. Carrying 1 to 2 plicate leaves.

The most famous one is Coelogyne Pandurata , which are found in the forests around my city. And in Indonesia known as “the Black Orchid”.

List of some species:
Coelogyne Asperata
Coelogyne Dayana
Coelogyne Flexuosa
Coelogyne Foerstermanii
Coelogyne Mayeriana
Coelogyne Pandurata
Coelogyne Peltastes
Coelogyne Rochusseni
Coelogyne Speciosa
Coelogyne Verrucosa

Cirrhopetalum Lindley 1830

CIRRHOPETALUM

SUBFAMILY Epidendroideae, TRIBE Dendrobieae, SUBTRIBE Bulbophyllinae.

Spread from India to the islands in the Pacific
Formerly a part of the genus Bulbophyllum, but later is a stand-alone section under genus Cirrhopetalum.
Sometimes until now still many people called these species as part of Bulbophyllum Genus. And it is true, in general have in common with Bulbophyllum except they have some small flowers arranged in a circle and having such a pendulum attached to the labellum that can be shaken. That is why local people call it the "Wink Orchid".

Indonesia:
Menyebar mulai dari India hingga pulau-pulau di Pasifik.
Awalnya merupakan bagian dari genus Bulbophyllum, tetapi kemudian menjadi bagian yang berdiri sendiri dibawah genus Cirrhopetalum.
Kadang-kadang, bahkan hingga sekarang masih banyak orang yang menyebut spesies ini sebagai spesies bulbophyllum. Dan memang benar, karena secara umum memiliki kesamaan dengan Bulbophyllum, kecuali mereka memiliki bunga-bunga yang kecil, tersusun secar melingkar dan memiliki semacam bandul yang bisa bergoyang, yang menempel pada labelum. Inilah alasan masyarakat setempat menyebutnya "Anggrek Kedip"

List of some species:
Cirrhopetalum Acuminatum
Cirrhopetalum Asperulum
Cirrhopetalum Auratum
Cirrhopetalum Brienianum
Cirrhopetalum Curtisii var Purpureum
Cirrhopetalum Flabellum Veneris
Cirrhopetalum Lepidum
Cirrhopetalum Mastersianum
Cirrhopetalum Puguahaanense
Cirrhopetalum Pulchellum
Cirrhopetalum Robustum
Cirrhopetalum sp Buntok I
Cirrhopetalum sp Buntok II
Cirrhopetalum Strangularium

Bulbophyllum Antenniferum (Lindl.) Rchb.f.

Bulbophyllum Antenniferum

Section: Hyalosema
Synonym: Bulbophyllum Leysianum Burbidge; Cirrhopetallum Ornithorhynchus J.J.Sm.; Phyllorchis anntenifera (Lindl.) Kuntze
Found in Borneo, Java, New Guniea and Phillipines.
Flower: Single Flower, is generally not opening widely but in some cases can be found widely open.
Looks like almost not having a pseudobulb, has a single flat and lanceolate leaf.

Indonesia:
Ditemukan di Kalimantan, Jawa, Papua dan Filipina

Berbunga tunggal, umumnya bunganya tidak terbuka lebar tetapi pada beberapa kasus bisa ditemukan dalam keadaan mekar sempurna.

Kelihatannya hampir tidak memiliki pseudobulbs, dan memiliki satu daun pipih dan berbentuk lanset.

Cirrhopetalum sp Kalimantan 01

Cirrhopetalum sp. Kalimantan 01

Section: Cirrhopetalum

Flower: Orange floral bracts all holding the 3 to 5 short-lived orange flowers with 2,5 cm broad. 

Somewhat some said it looks like Cirrhopetalum mastersianum but it has smaller size of the plant & flower.

I found it in Central Kalimantan Province in a lowland mossy forest at elevation of 15 - 40 meters as a miniature sized.

Warm to hot growing epiphyte requiring an open mix, light shade, high humidity and regular waterings and fertilizers. 

Indonesia:

Terdapat 3 - 5 kuntum bunga berwarna oranye dalam satu tangkai bunga. Lebar bunga 2,5 cm dan berumur pendek.

Entah kenapa, beberapa orang mengatakan kalau bunganya seperti spesies Cirrhopetalum mastersianum, tetapi memiliki ukuran bungan dan tanaman yang lebih kecil.

Saya menemukannya di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, di hutan berlumut dataran rendah pada ketinggian 15 - 40 meter dari permukaan laut sebagai bunga berukuran mini. Hidup secara epipit pada daerah bertemperatur hangat.

Untuk memeliharanya dibutuhkan naungan, kelembaban tinggi, penyiraman dan pemupukan teratur.

Coelogyne Asperata Lindl. 1849

Coelogyne asperata

Section: Verrucosae
Synonyms: Coelogyne lourii Paxton; Cymbidium robustum Gilli; Pleione asperata (Lindl.) Kuntze.
Flower: 5 - 6 cm broad, has 8 - 20 ovate, large, fragrant and waxy flowers.
Found in almost all the major islands in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries including the Philippines and Malaysia at elevations sea level to 1600 meters.
By the local people of Kalimantan Tengah are often called as the "Pearl Orchid", this may be due to the large and beatiful flower color.

Coelogyne asperata brown

Coelogyne asperata var alba

Indonesia:

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